Mammon and the Marketplace: Menimbang Ulang Kapitalisme Melalui Lensa Teologi Kristen

Edi Purwanto

Abstract


ABSTRACT

Modern capitalism has shaped the economic structure, societal values, and spirituality. This study explores how Christian doctrine responds to the challenges of capitalism through a systematic literature review using Scopus data. The findings reveal that Christian theology offers a critique of inequality and exploitation in neoliberal and financial capitalism and an alternative framework grounded in love, justice, and human dignity. Concepts such as Business as Mission (BAM), which refers to an entrepreneurial approach that integrates business activities as a form of faith witness and a means of social transformation, and prophetic theology, which positions the Church as a prophetic voice advocating justice, truth, and the defense of the marginalized in socio-economic contexts. The Church is called to reclaim its prophetic role in shaping a more humane economic paradigm.

 

Key words: Christian doctrine, capitalism, Christian ethics, social justice, economic theology.

 

ABSTRAK

Kapitalisme modern telah membentuk sistem ekonomi sekaligus memengaruhi struktur nilai dan spiritualitas masyarakat. Studi ini menelaah bagaimana doktrin Kristen merespons tantangan kapitalisme melalui pendekatan studi literatur dengan data dari Scopus. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa doktrin Kristen tidak hanya menawarkan kritik terhadap ketimpangan dan eksploitasi dalam kapitalisme neoliberal dan finansial, tetapi juga memberikan kerangka alternatif berbasis kasih, keadilan, dan martabat manusia. Konsep seperti Business as Mission (BAM), yaitu pendekatan kewirausahaan yang menjadikan aktivitas bisnis sebagai bentuk kesaksian iman dan sarana transformasi sosial, serta teologi profetik, yakni pendekatan teologi yang menempatkan gereja sebagai suara kenabian yang menyuarakan keadilan, kebenaran, dan pembelaan terhadap kelompok tertindas dalam konteks sosial-ekonomi. Gereja dipanggil untuk memainkan peran kenabian dalam membentuk paradigma ekonomi yang lebih manusiawi.

 

Kata kunci: doktrin Kristen, kapitalisme, etika Kristen, keadilan sosial, teologi ekonomi.


Keywords


Christian doctrine, capitalism, Christian ethics, social justice, economic theology

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.55807/davar.v6i1.197

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